In the Democratic Republic of Congo on January 30th, President Paul Kagame of Rwanda declared his readiness for "confrontation" and dismissed criticism about supporting the M23 rebels advancing southwards from Goma in eastern Congo. The rebels, along with Rwandan troops, recently captured Goma and are now targeting Bukavu, the capital of South Kivu province, in what is deemed a significant escalation of a long-standing conflict.
Rwanda is facing international criticism for its involvement in eastern Congo, with instances of direct intervention or support to allied militias over the past three decades in the region. Despite the backlash, including Germany withholding aid talks and financial assistance, the situation on the ground remains unaffected.
After taking control of Goma, the M23 fighters are moving southwards towards Minova, encountering resistance in Nyabibwe. Reports indicate ongoing clashes near Nyabibwe, specifically in Kahalala, suggesting fierce opposition from the Congolese army.
The diplomatic scene is active, with France's Foreign Minister visiting Kinshasa to meet President Felix Tshisekedi, amid tensions following Congolese protests targeting foreign missions. Possible control of new territories by the M23 could potentially escalate the conflict and involve neighboring countries.
President Kagame strongly responded to South African President Cyril Ramaphosa's remarks, hinting at South Africa's involvement in the conflict alongside militias in Congo related to the Rwandan genocide. Kagame warned of possible confrontation if South Africa pursues a confrontational approach.
Rwanda has adamantly rejected Western calls for restraint, asserting Congo's complicity in atrocities against Tutsis. The conflict is further complicated by allegations of resource exploitation by Rwanda and accusations of harboring militias by Congo.
M23, a Tutsi-led group supported by Rwanda, is the latest in a series of insurgents in Congo since the 1994 genocide. The East African Community's summit largely aligns with Rwanda's stance, advocating for peaceful dialogue between Congo and armed groups, although Congo refuses to negotiate directly with M23, considering them a terrorist organization.
Efforts are underway for a joint summit with the Southern African Development Community to address the crisis, with Angola urging Rwanda to withdraw its forces following discussions with Tshisekedi in Luanda.