Event: Approximately 3.8 billion years ago, an asteroid impact led to the formation of two vast canyons on the far side of the Moon within a mere 10 minutes. This impact, caused by a 25-kilometer-wide asteroid, resulted in canyons resembling Arizona's Grand Canyon, reaching depths of up to 3.5 kilometers and stretching over 860 kilometers.
Significance: This discovery holds implications for NASA's upcoming Artemis missions. The landing site at the south pole remains unaffected by debris, safeguarding 4-billion-year-old rocks that could offer insights into the origins of both the Moon and Earth. Furthermore, the site is rich in ice, potentially serving as a resource for rocket fuel and drinking water.